Chapter 8 : Accessing Organizational
Information-Data warehouse
DATA WAREHOUSE.
History of data warehousing :
In the 1990’s executives became less
concerned with the day-to-day business operations and more concerned with
overall business functions.
The data warehouse provided the ability to
support decision making without disrupting the day-to-day operations, because:
Operational information is mainly
current,does not include the history for better decision making,Issue of
quality information.Without information history, it is difficult to tell how
and why things change over time.
DATA WAREHOUSE FUNDAMENTALS
Data warehouse is a logical collection of
information which gathered from many different operational databases that
suppports business analysis activities and decision-making tasks.
The primary purpose of a data warehouse is
to combined information throughout an organization into a single repository for
decision-making purposes.Data warehouse support only analytical processing.
DATA WAREHOUSE MODEL
1)Extraction, transformation, and loading
(ETL) – a process that extracts information from internal and external
databases, transforms the information using a common set of enterprise
definitions, and loads the information into a data warehouse.
2)Data warehouse then send subsets of the
information to data mart.
3)Data mart – contains a subset of data
warehouse information
~Multidimensional Analysis and Data Mining~
1) Relational Database contain information
in a series of two-dimensional tables.
In a data warehouse and data mart,
information is multidimensional, it contains layers of columns and rows
Dimension is a particular attribute of
information.
2) Cube is common term for the
representation of multidimensional information.
i. Once a cube of information is created,
users can begin to slice and dice the cube to drill down into the information.
ii.Users can analyze information in a
number of different ways and with number of different dimensions.
Data mining is the process of analyzing
data to extract information not offered by the raw data alone. Also known as
"knowledge discovery" – computer-assisted tools and techniques for
sifting through and analyzing vast data stores in order to find trends,
patterns, and correlations that can guide decision making and increase
understanding.
To perform data mining users need
data-mining tools:
Data-mining tool – uses a variety of
techniques to find patterns and relationships in large volumes of information.
Eg: retailers can use knowledge of these patterns to improve the placement of
items in the layout of a mail-order catalog page or Web page.
INFORMATION CLEANSING OR SCRUBBING
An organization must maintain high-quality
data in the data warehouse
Information cleansing or scrubbing – a
process that weeds out and fixes or discards inconsistent, incorrect, or
incomplete information
Occur during ETL process and second on the
information once if is in the data warehouse
1) Contact information in an operational
system
2) Standardizing Customer name from
Operational Systems
3) Information cleansing activities
BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE
Business intelligence is refers to
applications and technologies that are used to gather, provide access, analyze
data, and information to support decision making effort.these systems will
illustrate business intelligence in the areas of customer profiling, customer
support, market research, market segmentation, product profitability,
statistical analysis, and inventory and distribution analysis to name a few.
Eg:
Excel, Access.
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